IRAN, THE STRAIT OF HORMUZ, AND THE NEW GEOPOLITICS OF RESISTANCE
INTRODUCTION The recent confrontation involving the United States, Israel, and the Islamic Republic of Iran has once again demonstrated the strategic importance of the Middle East to global politics, energy security, and international commerce. While many observers predicted that Iran would quickly succumb to military and economic pressure, events have shown that the country possesses significant resilience, strategic depth, and regional influence. At the center of Iran's leverage lies one of the world's most important maritime chokepoints: the Strait of Hormuz. The narrow waterway connects the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea, serving as the primary gateway for energy exports from the Gulf region. Approximately 20 million barrels of oil pass through the Strait daily, accounting for roughly 20% of global petroleum consumption and about one-quarter of global seaborne oil trade. WHY THE STRAIT OF HORMUZ MATTERS The Strait of Hormuz is bordered b...